Kevin Cui's Blog

Webm进度条问题分析与解决

介绍

当我们使用getUserMediaMediaRecorder等API生成的webm视频时,会发现最终的webm是无法拖动进度条的。除非使用FFmpeg把webm转成其他格式的视频文件,或者等webm视频播放完后,就可以拖动了。

分析

经过几个小时的排查,发现并不是MediaRecorder使用有问题,因为在网上找的其他demo生成的webm也都不行。

一开始把分析点放在了进度条那里,结果在网上没有搜到任何相关文章,尝试了各种关键词都不行。

后来想到,可以使用FFmpeg来对视频文件进行分析。于是使用ffprobe rebirth-demo.webm命令进行分析:

$ ffprobe rebirth-demo.webm
ffprobe version 4.1.3 Copyright (c) 2007-2019 the FFmpeg developers
  built with Apple LLVM version 10.0.1 (clang-1001.0.46.4)
  configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/4.1.3_1 --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-version3 --enable-hardcoded-tables --enable-avresample --cc=clang --host-cflags='-I/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/adoptopenjdk-11.0.2.jdk/Contents/Home/include -I/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/adoptopenjdk-11.0.2.jdk/Contents/Home/include/darwin' --host-ldflags= --enable-ffplay --enable-gnutls --enable-gpl --enable-libaom --enable-libbluray --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-librubberband --enable-libsnappy --enable-libtesseract --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxvid --enable-lzma --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-frei0r --enable-libass --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-librtmp --enable-libspeex --enable-videotoolbox --disable-libjack --disable-indev=jack --enable-libaom --enable-libsoxr
  libavutil      56. 22.100 / 56. 22.100
  libavcodec     58. 35.100 / 58. 35.100
  libavformat    58. 20.100 / 58. 20.100
  libavdevice    58.  5.100 / 58.  5.100
  libavfilter     7. 40.101 /  7. 40.101
  libavresample   4.  0.  0 /  4.  0.  0
  libswscale      5.  3.100 /  5.  3.100
  libswresample   3.  3.100 /  3.  3.100
  libpostproc    55.  3.100 / 55.  3.100
Input #0, matroska,webm, from 'rebirth-demo.webm':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Chrome
  Duration: N/A, start: 0.000000, bitrate: N/A
    Stream #0:0(eng): Audio: opus, 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp (default)
    Stream #0:1(eng): Video: vp8, yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080, SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9, 60 tbr, 1k tbn, 1k tbc (default)
    Metadata:
      alpha_mode      : 1

关键点来了,可以发现其中:Durationbitrate的值都是N/A,这是不正常的,于是去搜一下webm duration,果然网上有很多的说明文章。

大体意思是,因为getUserMediaMediaRecorder在生成webm时,并没有提供相关Durationbitrate。导致出现这种问题。

解决方案

一、计算视频长度,分配给blob

这种方法的核心就是,在start开始录制时,记录一个开始时间,然后在stop停止录制后,把当前时间与记录的开始时间相减,在把时间赋值给blob来解决这个问题。相关解决方案可见:fix-webm-duration

二、通过给audio标签一个很大的时间

在播放webm视频时,可以动态的给audio一个很大的时间,来解决这个问题,但是目前只针对chrome有效。相关解决方案可见:How can I add predefined length to audio recorded from MediaRecorder in Chrome?

三、跳到结尾,再跳到开头

因为上文说过,当视频播放完后,就可以拖动了,那么只需要通过JS来控制当前的视频位置就可以解决了。相关解决方案可见:hello-its-me

四、通过ffmpeg来解决

第一个解决的命令如下:ffmpeg -i rebirth-demo.webm xixi.webm,但是这个命令会很漫长,不太推荐。30秒的视频,需要花费3分钟左右的时间。

第二个命令是:ffmpeg -i rebirth-demo.webm -vcodec copy -acodec copy new_rebirth-demo.webm。这个十分的快,因为本身是直接复制,而不是转化:

ffmpeg -i rebirth-demo.webm  -vcodec copy -acodec copy new_rebirth-demo.webm
ffmpeg version 4.1.3 Copyright (c) 2000-2019 the FFmpeg developers
  built with Apple LLVM version 10.0.1 (clang-1001.0.46.4)
  configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/4.1.3_1 --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-version3 --enable-hardcoded-tables --enable-avresample --cc=clang --host-cflags='-I/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/adoptopenjdk-11.0.2.jdk/Contents/Home/include -I/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/adoptopenjdk-11.0.2.jdk/Contents/Home/include/darwin' --host-ldflags= --enable-ffplay --enable-gnutls --enable-gpl --enable-libaom --enable-libbluray --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-librubberband --enable-libsnappy --enable-libtesseract --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxvid --enable-lzma --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-frei0r --enable-libass --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-librtmp --enable-libspeex --enable-videotoolbox --disable-libjack --disable-indev=jack --enable-libaom --enable-libsoxr
  libavutil      56. 22.100 / 56. 22.100
  libavcodec     58. 35.100 / 58. 35.100
  libavformat    58. 20.100 / 58. 20.100
  libavdevice    58.  5.100 / 58.  5.100
  libavfilter     7. 40.101 /  7. 40.101
  libavresample   4.  0.  0 /  4.  0.  0
  libswscale      5.  3.100 /  5.  3.100
  libswresample   3.  3.100 /  3.  3.100
  libpostproc    55.  3.100 / 55.  3.100
Input #0, matroska,webm, from 'rebirth-demo.webm':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Chrome
  Duration: N/A, start: 0.000000, bitrate: N/A
    Stream #0:0(eng): Audio: opus, 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp (default)
    Stream #0:1(eng): Video: vp8, yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080, SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9, 60 tbr, 1k tbn, 1k tbc (default)
    Metadata:
      alpha_mode      : 1
Output #0, webm, to 'new_rebirth-demo.webm':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : Lavf58.20.100
    Stream #0:0(eng): Video: vp8, yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 60 tbr, 1k tbn, 1k tbc (default)
    Metadata:
      alpha_mode      : 1
    Stream #0:1(eng): Audio: opus, 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp (default)
Stream mapping:
  Stream #0:1 -> #0:0 (copy)
  Stream #0:0 -> #0:1 (copy)
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
frame= 3589 fps=0.0 q=-1.0 Lsize=    2107kB time=00:01:59.92 bitrate= 143.9kbits/s speed=4.75e+03x
video:2053kB audio:16kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: 1.849351%

$ ffprobe new_rebirth-demo.webm
ffprobe version 4.1.3 Copyright (c) 2007-2019 the FFmpeg developers
  built with Apple LLVM version 10.0.1 (clang-1001.0.46.4)
  configuration: --prefix=/usr/local/Cellar/ffmpeg/4.1.3_1 --enable-shared --enable-pthreads --enable-version3 --enable-hardcoded-tables --enable-avresample --cc=clang --host-cflags='-I/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/adoptopenjdk-11.0.2.jdk/Contents/Home/include -I/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/adoptopenjdk-11.0.2.jdk/Contents/Home/include/darwin' --host-ldflags= --enable-ffplay --enable-gnutls --enable-gpl --enable-libaom --enable-libbluray --enable-libmp3lame --enable-libopus --enable-librubberband --enable-libsnappy --enable-libtesseract --enable-libtheora --enable-libvorbis --enable-libvpx --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enable-libxvid --enable-lzma --enable-libfontconfig --enable-libfreetype --enable-frei0r --enable-libass --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-librtmp --enable-libspeex --enable-videotoolbox --disable-libjack --disable-indev=jack --enable-libaom --enable-libsoxr
  libavutil      56. 22.100 / 56. 22.100
  libavcodec     58. 35.100 / 58. 35.100
  libavformat    58. 20.100 / 58. 20.100
  libavdevice    58.  5.100 / 58.  5.100
  libavfilter     7. 40.101 /  7. 40.101
  libavresample   4.  0.  0 /  4.  0.  0
  libswscale      5.  3.100 /  5.  3.100
  libswresample   3.  3.100 /  3.  3.100
  libpostproc    55.  3.100 / 55.  3.100
Input #0, matroska,webm, from 'new_rebirth-demo.webm':
  Metadata:
    ENCODER         : Lavf58.20.100
  Duration: 00:01:59.96, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 143 kb/s
    Stream #0:0(eng): Video: vp8, yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080, SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9, 60 tbr, 1k tbn, 1k tbc (default)
    Metadata:
      ALPHA_MODE      : 1
      DURATION        : 00:01:59.928000000
    Stream #0:1(eng): Audio: opus, 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp (default)
    Metadata:
      DURATION        : 00:01:59.955000000

可见已经没有问题了

总结

我个人倾向于最后一种,因为前面几个方法并没有实际性解决这个问题。

这个问题,是Chrome Bug。目前社区也在讨论,但是到目前为止还没有任何修复的方案。

社区讨论地址:https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=642012

#javascript #webm #ffmpeg #chrome

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